What does IOT mean? IOT overview and application
What does iot mean? For "IoT", the most common explanation is "short for Internet of Things, which translates to Internet of Things", but after reading such an explanation, it is more confusing to people. Simply put, it is the connection of items with the network, but what exactly does "items" mean here, I think many people are confused.
What does iot mean?
IoT is the Internet of Things, which is translated into Chinese as the Internet of Things, what is the "thing" in IoT?
The "things" mentioned here refer to the items around us, such as washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners and other home appliances, as well as cars, houses and other fixed assets.
The world of IoT includes not only these everyday items, but also non-everyday items such as tachographs, gas turbines, and elevator floor displays developed by Xuanwuji.
One might ask, does IoT include all items? In fact, the "things" in IoT are "all things".
In other words, the so-called "IoT" is the "Internet of everything connected". Without this basic definition, not only can we not accurately grasp the most essential aspects of IoT, but also easily lead to our own narrow vision and missed opportunities, and eventually only be left far behind by the development of the times.
IoT is a network that connects any object to the Internet for information exchange and communication through information sensing devices such as RFID, infrared sensors, GPS, laser scanners, etc. according to an agreed protocol, in order to achieve intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management.
There are two main characteristics of IOT, namely scale and real-time. First, scale, only with scale can the intelligence of the items work. Second is real-time, through the sensing devices embedded or attached to the items or external information acquisition technology, the state of the items, including static or motion, safe or dangerous, good or decaying, can be reflected in real time every very short time, such as airport perimeter, heritage guardianship, bridge monitoring, environmental monitoring, food traceability, etc.
IoT development stage and architecture
By market development, IoT can be divided into four stages: concept, R&D, experiment and application. By application development, IoT development can be divided into silo, closed, limited IoT and unlimited IoT.
In the island stage, the Internet of things in an industry or a small range of internal applications, has not yet formed a unified industry standards and technical specifications; in the closed stage, in an industry or field of Internet of things applications, has formed a unified industry standards and technical specifications; in the limited IOT stage, across a limited number of industries or fields of Internet of things applications, using cross-industry unified standards and technical specifications; in the infinite IOT stage, encompassing In the infinite IoT stage, IoT applications in most industries or fields adopt unified standards and technical specifications. IoT is architecturally divided into three layers, i.e. perception layer, transmission layer and application layer.
The perception layer is the basic physical network for the IoT system to sense, identify and collect information from the real world. The main function is to identify objects and collect information to provide massive and accurate data and information support for subsequent information processing and corresponding decision-making behavior.
The transmission layer is an important guarantee network cluster for IoT to realize seamless connection and all-round coverage, which is responsible for the difficult mission of transmitting the data and information identified and collected by the perception layer to the application layer with high speed, low loss, safe and reliable, and at the same time, it can well resist external interference and illegal invasion.
The application layer realizes the combination of IoT technology and application, which eventually forms a collection of IoT applications involving all aspects of people's daily learning, work and life.
How everything is interconnected
Through various information sensors, radio frequency identification technology, global positioning system, infrared sensors, laser scanners and other devices and technologies, real-time collection of any object or process that needs to be monitored, connected and interacted with, collecting its sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, location and other needed information, through various possible network access, to achieve the ubiquitous connection between things and things, things and people, to achieve the object The IoT process is a process of intelligent sensing, identification and management of objects and processes.
In simple terms, the process of IoT is to upload the data obtained by "sensors" to "cloud (network)", then "artificial intelligence" makes judgment based on the learning content, and finally the object makes "action" (feedback to the "cloud"). "action" (feedback to the "human").
Sensors
When it comes to sensors, there are some people who may know about them, but there are also some people who actually don't know about them. Here, I will give you a few examples.
For example, thermometers. Nowadays, electronic thermometers can measure questions as long as they are held under the armpit for a few seconds, because they have a temperature sensor inside, which can display the value of the body temperature.
For example, we developed the "elevator floor display" through photoelectric sensor, magnetic sensor will be the elevator's running status, where the floor is displayed on the monitoring screen, when the elevator failure can be the first time to confirm the precise location of the elevator, so as to quickly and effectively implement rescue. (The new sensorless elevator floor display is suitable for all brands of elevators, welcome your negotiation)
There are many kinds of sensors, such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, acceleration sensors, brightness sensors, induction sensors, etc. Different kinds of sensors are suitable for different products. The process of acquiring data by sensors is called "sensing".
Through sensing, sensors can obtain a variety of information, but just obtaining information does not produce value. Cloud
Everyone's personal computers and cell phones are networked. The cloud is the world where our electronic devices are connected.
For example, you can chat with others using WeChat in your cell phone, and you can continue to chat after logging into WeChat using your computer. Because the data of WeChat is stored in the cloud, which is the WeChat service period on the Internet, all the data on it can be accessed as long as it is connected to the Internet, whether it is a cell phone or a computer.
Artificial Intelligence
Strictly speaking, in academic terms, only those that can simulate human brain activity can be called AI, but in the IoT field, anything that can imitate part of human brain activity is called AI.
Generally speaking, when it comes to AI, the words "machine learning" and "deep learning" should be mentioned. I'm sure there are many people who can't accurately distinguish between these two words. For example, Baidu's search engine, as long as you enter keywords to find the information you want, the technology used here is the artificial intelligence "machine learning". Human beings teach the machine rules based on the data used as samples, and then the machine applies them according to the rules.
Deep learning, on the other hand, is a machine that learns and applies itself based on the data used as a sample. For example, the self-driving technology of cars is one of the applications of deep learning.
Action of things (feedback to humans) "Action of things" refers to the actions made by things based on the judgment in the cloud. In the IoT domain, the value is determined by the feedback of the object's actions to humans. If you want to use IoT to provide services, then the first thing you need to consider is the feedback of the service "which social problems can be solved, which people's problems can be solved", which is also the most important part of IoT business activities planning.
IoT is not just a technological innovation, but a revolution in human life, and the "innovation in life" caused by IoT has completely escaped from the business perspective of "profit through production" and "profit through processing". From a business point of view, the "life innovation" caused by IoT has completely moved away from the simple structure of "profit through production" and "profit through processing" and has embarked on the road of digitalization.
IoT Overview and Applications
The Internet of Things (IOT) refers to the collection of any object or process that needs to be monitored, connected and interacted with in real time through various devices and technologies such as various information sensors, radio frequency identification technology, global positioning system, infrared sensors, laser scanners, etc., and the collection of its sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, location and other needed information. Through all kinds of possible network access, it realizes the ubiquitous connection between things and things and things and people, and achieves intelligent sensing, identification and management of objects and processes. The Internet of Things is an information carrier based on the Internet, traditional telecommunication networks, etc. It allows all common physical objects that can be independently addressed to form an interconnected network.
Development of the Internet of Things
The earliest "Internet of Things" began with the appearance of the first Internet Coke vending machine in 1990.
The concept of "Internet of Things" was first introduced in Bill Gates' "The Way of the Future" in 1995.
In 1999, the term "Internet of Things" was born in the United States Auto ID, which proposed that "everything can be interconnected through the network".
In 2005, ITU released the "ITU Internet Report 2005: Internet of Things", and wireless identification was applied on a large scale.
In 2010, RFID chip production skyrocketed, intelligent terminals, communication module technology developed rapidly
In 2016, NB-IoT protocol standardization test ended
In 2017, the global large-scale construction of NB-IoT base stations, 2018 has built 400,000 sites
In 2018, 5G began to be deployed globally, 5G further promotes IoT services in thousands of industries
IoT Platform
What is an IoT platform? IoT platform is a cloud platform customized for IoT. IoT is very different from ordinary Internet, in terms of data volume IoT devices have a very small number of transmission, a few tens of hundreds of bytes at a time, such as smart locks, smart watches; while some devices have a very large amount of data, such as smart monitoring, smart cameras. Compared with the number of terminals in the general Internet, IoT can be described as massive. If cell phones and computers are Internet terminal devices, then the terminal devices of IoT can be smart stereo, floor sweeper, smart meter, smart thermos, smart watch, etc.
Now it is 2020, with the overall development of the IoT industry, major companies have launched their own IoT platforms to facilitate the management and docking of user hardware devices. IoT platform provides safe and reliable connection communication ability for devices, connects massive devices downward, supports device data collection on the cloud; provides cloud API upward, the server side sends commands to the device side by calling the cloud API to realize remote control. The main functions provided by the IoT platform are device access, device management, security protection, and rule engine.
Applications of IoT
Smart home: smart home from the very beginning of development to now, the system has become increasingly mature, and is now a major branch of the Internet of Things. Smart home basically covers all aspects of daily home, such as smart speakers, floor robots, smart curtains, smart air conditioners and so on. As far as Internet companies are concerned, Xiaomi brand should be the most extensive of many Internet companies involved in only home, with more and more IoT products in the birth, thus also step by step to prove the development and growth of the Internet of things.
With the development of network technology, the concept of Internet of everything gradually come into people's sight, through the Internet, will be a variety of intelligent hardware and software systems combined, has achieved the purpose of improving people's quality of life, in which, the most widely used is the smart home field. So the next, the Internet of Things development and research to talk to you about the Internet of Things in the smart home what are the application scenarios.
Smart door lock
Through the smart door lock device, whether to open or close the door, no longer need to use the key, only through the face, fingerprints, passwords, etc., you can enter and exit the home at will, completely solve the problem of forgetting the key, can not enter the home.
Intelligent security
At home or outside the door, the community and other installation of intelligent security systems, through the camera equipment, sensor equipment, etc., you can view at any time, anywhere, to understand the dynamics of the home, as well as video storage playback, so as to effectively protect life and property security.
Intelligent air conditioning
Through the smart air conditioning system, you can turn on and off the air conditioning at home on your cell phone, and turn it on in advance before you arrive home, so that you can enjoy the cool air conditioning just after entering your home on a hot day, and in winter, you can also immediately feel the warmth.
Intelligent light control
Through the intelligent light control system, you can control and adjust the lights of the whole house on your cell phone or by voice, even according to the environment to sense, so as to save the tedium of going to press the switch. Especially when you get up in the middle of the night, or go out, it is very convenient.
Intelligent audio and video
Through the intelligent audio and video system, you will be able to control the TV, audio and other entertainment equipment by cell phone or voice, without the remote control, you can realize the function of turning on, changing channels, adjusting, etc., so that we can really enjoy the intelligent audio and video entertainment life.
Intelligent assistant
By connecting intelligent assistants or intelligent robots to the Internet, they can send out commands by voice and effectively solve various problems we encounter in life, such as checking the weather, learning to cook, question and answer, storytelling, teaching and tutoring, etc.
Smart Wearing
Smart wearable devices such as sports bracelets or watches can monitor our daily exercise, sleep quality, health index, even blood pressure, fat, air quality, etc., thus providing us with more accurate health advice.
The above is the Internet of Things technology in the smart home, the most widely used in several scenarios, for the time being, many home products, but also in the development of the Internet of Things, our life has become more and more intelligent. Therefore, for IOT-related enterprises, the only way to achieve better development prospects in the fierce market competition is to target the market and quickly occupy the first opportunity.