VR virtual reality concept and main application areas
Virtual Reality (abbreviated as VR), is a new practical technology developed in the 20th century. Virtual reality technology includes computer, electronic information, simulation technology in one, its basic implementation is a computer simulation of virtual environment to give people a sense of environmental immersion. With the gradual commercialization of 5G and the increasing demand for VR technology in various industries, VR technology will usher in a huge development space and gradually become a new field of science and technology.
I. Introduction of VR virtual reality
The so-called virtual reality, as the name implies, is the combination of virtual and reality. In theory, virtual reality (VR) is a computer simulation system that can create and experience a virtual world, which uses computers to generate a simulated environment and immerse the user in that environment. Virtual reality technology is the use of real-life data, through computer technology to generate electronic signals, which are combined with a variety of output devices so that they can be transformed into phenomena that people can feel, these phenomena can be real objects in reality, but also substances that we can not see with the naked eye, through the three-dimensional model to show. Because these phenomena are not directly visible to us, but are simulated in the real world through computer technology, they are called virtual reality.
Virtual reality technology is recognized by more and more people, users can experience the most realistic feelings in the virtual reality world, the authenticity of its simulation environment is indistinguishable from the real world, giving people a sense of immersion; at the same time, virtual reality has all the perceptual functions that humans have, such as hearing, vision, touch, taste, smell and other perceptual systems; finally, it has a superb simulation system, truly Finally, it has a super simulation system, which truly realizes human-computer interaction, so that people can operate at will and get the most realistic feedback from the environment in the process of operation. It is the existence, multi-sensory and interactive features of virtual reality technology that make it loved by many people.
II. VR virtual reality classification
VR involves many disciplines, a wide range of applications, and a variety of systems, which are determined by its research objects, research objectives and application needs. From different perspectives, different classifications of VR systems can be made.
1、Classification according to the immersive experience perspective
Immersive experience is divided into several categories, such as non-interactive experience, human-virtual environment interactive experience and group-virtual environment interactive experience. This perspective emphasizes the interactive experience of users and equipment, compared to the non-interactive experience, the user is more passive, the content experienced are planned in advance, even if the user is allowed to guide the scheduling of scene data to a certain extent, there is still no substantial interactive behavior, such as scene roaming, the user almost has nothing to do throughout the whole process; and in the human- -In the virtual environment interactive experience system, the user can interact with the virtual environment through devices such as data gloves, digital scalpel, etc., such as driving a fighter jet simulator, etc. At this time, the user can perceive the changes in the virtual environment, and thus can also generate various feelings that may arise in the corresponding real world.
If the system is networked and multi-computerized, so that multiple users share a set of virtual environment, you will get a group-virtual environment interactive experience system, such as large network interactive games, etc., at this time, the VR system is not very different from the real world.
2、Classification according to the system function
System function is divided into several categories, such as planning and design, display and entertainment, training and exercise. Planning and design systems can be used for experimental verification of new facilities, can significantly reduce the length of research and development, reduce design costs, improve design efficiency, urban drainage, community planning and other fields can be used, such as VR simulation of drainage systems, can significantly reduce the original need for experimental verification of funds; display entertainment system is suitable for providing users with a realistic viewing experience, such as digital museums, large-scale 3D interactive games VR technology was used by Disney in the 1970s to shoot special effects movies; training and exercise systems can be applied to a variety of dangerous environments and some difficult to obtain objects or extremely expensive areas of operation, such as surgical training, space station maintenance training, etc.
III. VR virtual reality technology
The key technologies of virtual reality mainly include:
1. Dynamic environment modeling technology
The establishment of the virtual environment is the core content of the VR system, the purpose is to obtain the actual environment of the three-dimensional data, and according to the needs of the application to establish the corresponding virtual environment model.
2. real-time three-dimensional graphics generation technology
Three-dimensional graphics generation technology has been more mature, then the key is "real-time" generation. To ensure real-time, at least ensure that the graphics refresh frequency is not less than 15 frames / second, preferably higher than 30 frames / second.
3. stereo display and sensor technology
The interaction ability of virtual reality depends on the development of stereoscopic display and sensor technology, the existing equipment can not meet the needs, mechanics and haptic sensing device research also needs to be further in-depth, the tracking accuracy and tracking range of virtual reality equipment also needs to be improved.
4. Application system development tools
The key to the application of virtual reality is to find suitable occasions and objects. Choosing the appropriate application objects can substantially improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity and improve product quality. To achieve this purpose, it is necessary to study the development tools of virtual reality.
5. System integration technology
Since the VR system includes a large amount of perceptual information and models, the system integration technology plays a crucial role. The integration technology includes synchronization technology of information, calibration technology of models, data conversion technology, data management model, identification and synthesis technology, etc.
IV. Main application areas of VR virtual reality
1. Application in film and television entertainment
In recent years, due to the wide application of virtual reality technology in the film and television industry, the first on-site 9DVR experience hall established mainly by virtual reality technology has been realized. Since its completion, the first 9DVR experience hall has been very influential in the film and television entertainment market. This experience hall can let the movie viewer experience the feeling of being in the real scene and let the experience immerse in the virtual environment created by the film. At the same time, with the continuous innovation of virtual reality technology, this technology has also been rapidly developed in the field of games. Virtual reality technology is the use of computer-generated three-dimensional virtual space, and three-dimensional games are just built on this technology, three-dimensional games contain almost all the technology of virtual reality, making the game in real-time and interactive at the same time, but also greatly enhance the realism of the game.
2. Application in education
Nowadays, virtual reality technology has become a new type of education means to promote the development of education. Compared with passive indoctrination, the use of virtual reality technology for independent learning is more acceptable to students, and it is easier to stimulate students' interest in learning in this way. In addition, major universities have established virtual labs related to their disciplines to help students learn better by using virtual reality technology.
3、Application in the field of design
For example, in interior design, people can use virtual reality technology to represent the interior structure and the shape of the house into visible objects and environments through virtual technology. Meanwhile, in the early stage of design, designers can simulate their ideas through virtual reality technology, and can see the actual effect of the interior in the virtual environment in advance, which saves time and reduces costs.
4. The application of virtual reality in medicine
Medical experts use computers to simulate human tissues and organs in the virtual space, so that students can perform simulated operations in them and can feel the feeling of scalpel cutting into human muscle tissue and touching bones, so that students can grasp the essentials of surgery faster. Moreover, the surgeons can also build a virtual model of the patient's body before the surgery and perform a preview of the surgery in the virtual space, which can greatly improve the success rate of the surgery and allow more patients to be cured.
5. The application of virtual reality in military
Due to the three-dimensionality and realism of virtual reality, in the military aspect, people compose the data on the map such as mountains, rivers, landscapes, oceans and lakes by computer, using virtual reality technology, which can turn the original flat map into a three-dimensional topographic map, and then project it through holographic technology, which is more helpful for training such as military exercises and improving our comprehensive national power.
In addition, the current war is an information-based war, war machines are developing in the direction of automation, drones are the most typical product of information-based war. Drones are loved by all countries because of their automation and convenience. During the training of soldiers, virtual reality technology can be used to simulate the flight and shooting mode of drones. During wars, soldiers can also control drones through glasses, helmets and other machines to carry out reconnaissance and assassination missions, reducing the casualty rate of soldiers in wars. Because virtual reality technology can be drones to shoot the scene in three dimensions, reduce the difficulty of operation and improve the efficiency of detection, so the development of drones and virtual reality technology can not wait.
6. virtual reality in aerospace applications
As aerospace is a costly and very cumbersome project, so people use virtual reality technology and computer statistical simulation to reproduce the reality of the space shuttle and flight environment in virtual space, so that pilots in virtual space for flight training and experimental operations, greatly reducing the experimental expenses and the risk factor of the experiment.
5G commercialization will be officially opened soon, which provides faster bandwidth and clearer scenes for VR virtual reality applications, VR will have more room for development, and will certainly drive the great development of VR industry.